俄乌第五轮谈判目前取得哪些进展？关注俄乌局势→|谈判

当地时间3月29日，俄乌代表团在土耳其总统府伊斯坦布尔办公区（多尔玛巴赫切宫）举行第五轮谈判。俄乌双方代表团的团长首先进行了一对一会谈，之后举行了代表团之间的会议。

据中央广播电视总台记者在土耳其获悉，当日的俄乌面对面谈判结束。

29日，乌克兰总统办公室顾问波多利亚克针对第五轮俄乌谈判召开新闻发布会。

波多利亚克表示，目前正在就一些重要问题进行深入磋商，其中最重要的一点是就乌克兰的国际安全保障达成协议，因为有了这份协议，乌方将能够根据自身需要结束战争。

第二个非常重要的问题是停火，以解决所有人道主义问题，这些问题需要立即解决，相关谈判现在正在进行中。

波多利亚克在接受土耳其国家媒体采访时表示，土耳其会成为安全保障国之一，安全保障国需提供军事支持，在此情况下，乌克兰可以成为一个中立国。

波多利亚克说，乌克兰目前无法就安全保障问题和俄方达成一致，乌方认为不应因军事压力达成国际协议。如果安全保障国确保俄罗斯撤军，乌克兰可以讨论其他议题。

波多利亚克表示，谈判将会继续，乌方计划邀请所有安全保障国，召开多方会谈。希望在两周内达成协议，在这样的情况下，希望俄乌两国领导人能够会面。

Security guarantees and organizing a ceasefire to resolve humanitarian problems were being discussed at talks in Turkey between Ukraine and Russia on Tuesday, said Ukrainian Presidential Advisor Mykhailo Podolyak.

俄罗斯代表团团长梅津斯基则在今日的会谈结束后表示，双方谈判很有建设性，俄方正在研究乌克兰方面的提议，相关信息将向普京总统报告。

梅津斯基还表示，俄总统普京与乌总统泽连斯基的会面可以与两国外交部草签和平条约同时进行。梅津斯基说，如果我们在签订条约工作上快速推进并达成相互妥协，则和平将会更早到来。

The new round of talks between Russian and Ukrainian negotiators in Turkey was constructive, head of the Russian delegation Vladimir Medinsky said Tuesday.

俄国防部：决定大幅减少在基辅和切尔尼戈夫方面的军事行动

谈判开始前，土耳其总统埃尔多安与双方代表团成员会面并发表讲话。埃尔多安表示，谈判进程给和平带来了希望，他呼吁尽早实现停火。

埃尔多安说，土耳其一直在努力防止黑海地区发生冲突，没有回避责任。延长冲突不符合任何人的利益，制止这场悲剧取决于各方的态度，维护和平与停火符合双方利益。全世界在期待谈判的好消息。

The new round of peace talks between Ukraine and Russia begun at Dolmabahce Palace in the Turkish city of Istanbul.

"Russian and Ukrainian delegations are working on the entire spectrum of contentious issues," Ukrainian Presidential Advisor Mykhailo Podolyak said in a tweet posted on Tuesday with a picture of Ukrainian representative David Arakhamia, seated with Russia's Vladimir Medinsky.

The heads of Russian and Ukrainian delegations have finished one-to-one talks on Tuesday in Istabul, with the meeting among all negotiators followed.

"The negotiation process has increased hopes for peace," Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said in calling for an immediate ceasefire. 

Addressing both the Russian and Ukrainian delegations, he expressed his hope that the meeting will be beneficial for all countries and regions.

当地时间28日，俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫表示，俄方希望在土耳其伊斯坦布尔举行的俄乌新一轮面对面谈判能够取得成功。拉夫罗夫强调，俄罗斯“有义务保障顿巴斯人民不受到基辅政府的伤害”，乌克兰不加入北约、非军事化和去纳粹化是谈判必须要谈的问题。

乌克兰外交部长库列巴28日表示，乌克兰在土耳其与俄罗斯新一轮面对面谈判的最大目标是达成停火。他还说，乌克兰总统泽连斯基已经为谈判设定了明确的红线，也就是：不拿人员、土地或主权做交易。

此外，库列巴还预测29日在伊斯坦布尔双方的会谈成果最低方案为解决人道主义问题。但库列巴表示，到目前为止，双方还没有在任何一点上达成一致。 

As the countries are set to resume in-person peace talks, Lavrov on Monday  said Moscow maintains its demands for demilitarization and "denazification" in Ukraine. Putin has named these as Moscow's military goals, as well as for Ukraine to have neutral status.

"Both the demilitarization and the denazification of Ukraine are an essential component of the agreements that we are trying to achieve," Lavrov said.

He named the primary goal as "ending the killing in the Donbas region that has lasted eight years," referring to eastern Ukraine.

He added that Russia wanted Ukraine to "stop assimilating itself with the West, with NATO, in the military sense."

Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba on Monday said Ukraine's most ambitious goal at talks with Russia in Turkey this week was to agree on a ceasefire.

"The minimum program will be humanitarian questions, and the maximum program is reaching an agreement on a ceasefire," he said on national television.

俄罗斯国防部表示，基于今天在伊斯坦布尔举行的会谈内容的原则，俄方决定大幅减少基辅和切尔尼戈夫方向的军事活动。国防部表示此举是“为了增加互信并为进一步谈判创造必要条件”。

An official from the Russian Defense Ministry said Russia has decided to significantly reduce military activity in the Kyiv and Chernihiv directions, TASS news agency reported Tuesday, without citing the official's name.

古特雷斯呼吁立刻在乌克兰实施人道主义停火

当地时间3月28日，联合国秘书长古特雷斯发表声明，呼吁立刻在乌克兰实施人道主义停火。古特雷斯表示，联合国及包括世卫组织、世界粮食计划署等下属机构正在尽可能为乌克兰提供人道主义援助，但人道危机必须通过政治方式来最终解决。

对此，古特雷斯呼吁立即在乌克兰实施人道主义停火，并开始严肃政治谈判。

“停止敌对行为将能让必要人道物资得到分发，让平民可以安全行动，拯救生命、防止苦难，保护平民。”

古特雷斯表示，他希望停火能够应对危机为全球带来的外溢效应。他再次呼吁危机各方和国际社会能够团结起来，为了和平努力。

The United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Monday called an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Ukraine so that "serious political negotiations" can advance towards a peace agreement.

The UN chief's call comes as Russia's military operation continues in Ukraine, with nearly 3.9 million people having fled the Eastern European country.

"A cessation of hostilities will allow essential humanitarian aid to be delivered and enable civilians to move around safely. It will save lives, prevent suffering, and protect civilians," Guterres told reporters outside the Security Council in New York.

"I hope a ceasefire will also help to address the global consequences of this war, which risk compounding the deep hunger crisis in many developing countries that already lack fiscal space to invest in their recovery from the pandemic, and now face soaring food and energy costs," he added.

当前，武装冲突仍在继续。据俄罗斯新闻社报道，顿涅茨克武装领导人丹尼斯·普希林28日称，希望能在近期完全控制马里乌波尔。顿涅茨克武装力量发言人巴苏林此前曾表示，顿涅茨克武装力量已完全控制马里乌波尔郊区，市中心的战斗仍在继续。

马里乌波尔是位于乌克兰南部的重要港口城市。据路透社报道，该市市长发言人称，自俄乌冲突爆发以来，马里乌波尔已有近5000人死亡。

另一方面，乌克兰总统泽连斯基称乌军周一已经夺回乌克兰首都基辅附近城市伊尔平。俄方对此没有回应。

Denis Pushilin, leader of the so-called Donetsk People's Republic, said on Monday that central Mariupol is being cleaned up and that he expects his forces to take full control of the city in the near future, RIA reported.

A spokesperson for Mariupol Mayor Vadym Boichenko said on Monday that nearly 5,000 people have been killed since the start of the Russian military operation, but the method used to calculate the toll is unclear, Reuters reported.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy confirmed on Monday that Ukrainian forces had seized back full control of the town of Irpin. There has been no response yet from Russia.

俄欧斗“气”

当地时间3月29日，俄罗斯总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫表示，如果欧洲的不友好国家拒绝以卢布从俄罗斯购买天然气，则俄方将采取停止供应天然气的应对方式。

自2月24日俄罗斯特别军事行动以来，欧盟出台了一系列对俄制裁措施。对此，俄罗斯选择了对于欧洲至关重要的天然气供应问题，出台反制措施，俄欧斗“气”的序幕正式拉开。

当地时间3月23日，俄罗斯总统普京宣布，俄方向包括欧盟在内所有“不友好”国家和地区供应天然气时将改用卢布结算。

一些欧盟成员国领导人24日立即作出回应，称不会理会俄方要求。

然而，俄方很快将这项计划落实。当地时间28日，克里姆林宫网站发布消息称，俄总统普京要求政府、中央银行和俄天然气工业股份公司(gasprom)在31日前，提交关于向“不友好国家”供应天然气改用卢布结算一事的报告。

同时，他下令政府批准一项关于修订俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司现行天然气供应合同的指令，即在3月31日前，“在保持合同规定的供应量、价格和定价原则的同时”，将支付货币改为俄罗斯卢布。

当日，七国集团(G7)表态拒绝俄罗斯提出的仅以卢布购买天然气的要求。德国经济部长哈贝克表示，所有七国集团能源部长一致认为，“这明显违反了现有协议”，“卢布支付不可接受，而且，我们呼吁有关公司不要满足普京的要求”。

对此，塔斯社29日报道称，俄总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫表示，西方国家实际上已经对俄罗斯发动了全面的“经济战争”。在天然气卢布结算问题上，“没有付款——就没有天然气。”

Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed his government, the Russian Central Bank and Gazprom on Monday to implement measures for ruble-denominated gas payments from "unfriendly countries" by March 31, RIA reported.

German Minister of Finance Christian Lindner said on Monday that the G7 decided to refuse the request made by Russia to pay for energy deliveries in rubles.

Russia's Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov said on Monday that Russia is yet to take a final decision on how to respond should European countries refuse to pay for Russian gas exports in rubles, but warned that Moscow will not supply fuel to the continent for free, according to TASS News Agency. 

“We are not going to supply gas for free, this is clear,” Peskov said. “It is hardly possible and reasonable to engage in charity in our situation.”

5200多名在乌中国公民安全撤离

3月28日上午，第20架接返自乌克兰撤离公民临时航班安全抵达福建福州。对此，外交部发言人汪文斌介绍：在整个撤离工作过程中，共有5200多名在乌中国公民安全撤离至乌周边国家。除一人在自驾途中受伤并已治疗无虞之外，其余自愿撤离的同胞全部平安，做到了战乱撤离“无死亡，无群伤”。4600多名撤离至乌周边国家的中国公民搭乘20架次中国政府安排的临时航班回到祖国。全体在乌和乌周边国家同胞互相帮助、共渡难关，留学生组织、华侨华人社团多次协助完成撤离工作，发扬了中华民族扶危济困的优良传统，展现出中华儿女团结互助的优良品质。

汪文斌说，现在，撤离在乌中国公民的工作已告一段落，但保护海外同胞的生命安全和正当权益的征程“永远在路上”。下一步，外交部和中国驻外使领馆将继续积极推进领事保护机制建设，持续打造“海外平安中国”，以实际行动告诉每一位海外同胞，无论什么时刻，无论身处何方，你的身边有我们，你的背后是祖国。

More than 5,200 Chinese citizens in Ukraine have been evacuated to neighbouring countries including Moldova, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, and Belarus, foreign ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said on Monday. Among them, more than 4,600 people have safely returned to China following the arrival of the final special flight in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, on Monday, he added.

“The evacuation of Chinese citizens has come to an end, but the mission to protect the security, legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese has yet to be completed,” Wang said.